Prospective study on the effect of blood donation in the iron status

Introduction: blood donation can generate iron metabolism imbalance and deficiency of this micronutrient, mainly in frequent donors. Objective: to evaluate the effect of blood donation in the iron status in repeat donors of a blood bank in Medellín. Methods: prospective study with 70 repeat donors randomly selected. Ferritin, erythrogram, reticulocytary haemoglobin, coprological, physical activity, and iron ingestion tests were carried out; previous blood donations was collected of the blood bank database. Summary measures, frequencies, results of Friedman test, McNemars test, Student's t-test for paired samples, and the Spearman correlation were calculated on the SPSS 25.0® software. Results: the physical activity frequency, the prevalence of intestinal parasites, the parameter of leuko-plateletgram, and the iron ingestion in the diet did not show statistically significant differences between the two moments of the study, unlike the MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume), MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration) and ferritin. In the second stage, ferritin (which decreases as the amount of donations increases) decreased 10% in women and 15% in men. Conclusion: blood donation decreases storage iron and the plundering of the reserves becomes more serious as the amount of donations increases, and also as the period of time between donations decreases. It is necessary to implement strategies to reduce the prevalence of iron deficiency, which include nutritional education, pre-donation iron deficiency determining, and medical guidance on the ingestion of dietary iron supplements.

Effect of plateletpheresis on total platelet count and mean platelet volume: A meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Currently, there are discrepancies in the reports on the extent of the reduction in platelet count after platelet donation by apheresis, and its impact on mean platelet volume (MPV). This study was conducted to meta-analyze the effect of plateletpheresis on platelet count and on mean platelet volume, based on studies published between 1980 and 2018. METHODS: Medline-Pubmed, Scielo, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases were searched from inception to December 31 2019. The PRISMA guidelines, reproducibility, and evaluation of the methodological quality were guaranteed. Heterogeneity was evaluated with DerSimonian-Laird's, publication bias with a Begg's test. Sensitivity analysis and cumulative meta-analysis were also conducted, as well as a forest plot. RESULTS: Twenty-five studies with 3769 donors were systematized to analyze platelet count, and seven studies with 1176 donors to observe MPV. Most studies were published in India and the United States. There was a postprocedure reduction in both variables. The reduction in platelet count was 14.3 × 103 /µL (95% CI 11.4 to 17.1 × 103 /µL). The reduction in MPV was 1.43 fL (95% CI 0.3 to 2.5 fL). The analysis of subgroups showed that, in the case of platelet count, the reduction is not statistically significant two weeks after donation. CONCLUSION: Platelet donation by apheresis reduces platelet count and MPV in donors, which is detrimental to the purposes of the procedure; although the decrease is not clinically significant for the donor or the recipient. This demonstrates the need for subsequent studies to evaluate variables, such as donation frequency and donation intervals, should be considered to evaluate if the reported decrease is easily compensated, without adverse consequences for donors, or if modifications in donor selection criteria are required.

Effect of plateletpheresis on hematocrit, hemoglobin and erythrocyte count: Meta-analysis 1980-2018.

The effects of platelet donation by apheresis on different parameters of the erythrogram are still unclear. The objective was to meta-analyze the effect of plateletpheresis on hematocrit, hemoglobin, and erythrocyte count, with a systematic review with random effects meta-analysis of the mean difference. The PRISMA guidelines were considered, as well as 133 search strategies on four different databases. Reproducibility was guaranteed and methodological quality was evaluated. Heterogeneity was evaluated with Galbraith and DerSimonian-Laird's, publication bias with a funnel plot and a Begg's test, sensitivity analysis and a cumulative meta-analysis were also conducted. Eighteen (18) articles were included, 17 evaluated the effects on hematocrit in 2,564 donors; 13 on hemoglobin in 1,640 donors; and 4 on red blood cell count in 243 donors. A decrease of 2.26% (CI95% = 2.11-2.41) was observed in hematocrit, of 0.80 g/dL (CI95% = 0.75-0.86) in hemoglobin and -0.21 × 1012/L (CI95% = -0.13; -0.29) in red blood cell count. Plateletpheresis has a negative effect on the erythrogram parameters, explained by blood loss in the kits used for the procedure and cell lysis. Such evidence is relevant to secure the efficiency and safety of the procedure, improve selection processes or determine the number of donations that can be performed without affecting donors' health.

[Effect of plateletpheresis on the white blood cell count: meta-analysis 1980-2018]. / Efecto de la plaquetoféresis sobre el recuento de leucocitos: metaanálisis 1980-2018.

BACKGROUND: In the scientific literature, the impacts of plateletpheresis on leukogram parameters are not clear, with a high divergence in the studies that have evaluated changes in leukocytes. The objective of this paper was to meta-analyze the effect of plateletpheresis on the leukocyte count, based on studies published between 1980-2018. METHODS: Systematic review with meta-analysis of random effects for the difference of means. The phases of the PRISMA guide were applied with 132 search strategies in Pubmed, Scielo, Science direct and Scopus. Reproducibility and evaluation of methodological quality were guaranteed. Heterogeneity was evaluated with Galbraith and Dersimonian and Laird's, publication bias with Funnel Plot and Begg; sensitivity analysis, accumulated meta-analysis and Forest Plot were carried out. RESULTS: Nineteen studies were included with 2,358 donors, mostly from India, United States, Turkey, Germany and Austria. A mean difference of -0,80 x109/L (IC95%= -1,96; 0,36x109/L) between the predonation value and the value immediately after donation was founded; no publication bias was found and the conclusion presented good sensitivity since it does not vary with the elimination of studies in successive phases. CONCLUSIONS: The donation of platelets by apheresis does not affect the leukocyte count in the donors, in the last century there were reports of reductions in this parameter, explained by the blood loss in the cases used for the procedure and by effects produced in the blood cells by the biomaterials; however, at present the high safety of plateletpheresis for the white blood cell count is evidenced.

OBJETIVO: En la literatura científica no están claros los impactos de la plaquetoféresis sobre los parámetros del leucograma, y existe una gran divergencia en los estudios que han evaluado el recuento de leucocitos. El objetivo de este estudio fue metanalizar el efecto de la plaquetoféresis sobre el recuento de leucocitos, con base en estudios publicados entre 1980-2018. METODOS: Se realizó una revisión sistemática con metaanálisis de efectos aleatorios para la diferencia de medias. Se aplicaron las fases de la guía PRISMA, con 132 estrategias de búsqueda en Pubmed, Scielo, Science Direct y Scopus. Se garantizó la reproducibilidad y evaluación de la calidad metodológica. Se evaluó la heterogeneidad con Galbraith y Dersimonian y Laird´s, el sesgo de publicación con Funnel Plot y Begg, y se realizaron análisis de sensibilidad, metaanálisis acumulado y Forest Plot. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 19 estudios con 2.358 donantes, la mayoría de India, Estados Unidos, Turquía, Alemania y Austria. Se halló una diferencia de medias de -0,80 x109/L (IC95%= -1,96; 0,36x109/L) entre el valor pre donación y el valor inmediatamente posterior a la donación. No se encontró sesgo de publicación en los estudios y la medida combinada presentó buena sensibilidad, dado que no varió con la eliminación de estudios específicos. CONCLUSIONES: La donación de plaquetas por aféresis no afecta al recuento de leucocitos en los donantes. En el siglo pasado, se reportaban reducciones en este parámetro, explicadas por la pérdida de sangre en los estuches utilizados para el procedimiento y debido a los efectos producidos en las células sanguíneas por los biomateriales de los estuches. Sin embargo, en la actualidad se evidencia la alta seguridad de la plaquetoféresis para el recuento de glóbulos blancos.

Efecto de la plaquetoféresis sobre el recuento de leucocitos: metaanálisis 1980-2018 / Effect of plateletpheresis on the white blood cell count: meta-analysis 1980-2018

OBJETIVO: En la literatura científica no están claros los impactos de la plaquetoféresis sobre los parámetros del leucograma, y existe una gran divergencia en los estudios que han evaluado el recuento de leucocitos. El objetivo de este estudio fue metanalizar el efecto de la plaquetoféresis sobre el recuento de leucocitos, con base en estudios publicados entre 1980-2018. MÉTODOS: Se realizó una revisión sistemática con metaanálisis de efectos aleatorios para la diferencia de medias. Se aplicaron las fases de la guía PRISMA, con 132 estrategias de búsqueda en Pubmed, Scielo, Science Direct y Scopus. Se garantizó la reproducibilidad y evaluación de la calidad metodológica. Se evaluó la heterogeneidad con Galbraith y Dersimonian y Laird's, el sesgo de publicación con Funnel Plot y Begg, y se realizaron análisis de sensibilidad, metaanálisis acumulado y Forest Plot. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 19 estudios con 2.358 donantes, la mayoría de India, Estados Unidos, Turquía, Alemania y Austria. Se halló una diferencia de medias de -0,80 x109⁄L (IC95%= -1,96; 0,36x109⁄L) entre el valor pre donación y el valor inmediatamente posterior a la donación. No se encontró sesgo de publicación en los estudios y la medida combinada presentó buena sensibilidad, dado que no varió con la eliminación de estudios específicos. CONCLUSIONES: La donación de plaquetas por aféresis no afecta al recuento de leucocitos en los donantes. En el siglo pasado, se reportaban reducciones en este parámetro, explicadas por la pérdida de sangre en los estuches utilizados para el procedimiento y debido a los efectos producidos en las células sanguíneas por los biomateriales de los estuches. Sin embargo, en la actualidad se evidencia la alta seguridad de la plaquetoféresis para el recuento de glóbulos blancos

BACKGROUND: In the scientific literature, the impacts of plateletpheresis on leukogram parameters are not clear, with a high divergence in the studies that have evaluated changes in leukocytes. The objective of this paper was to meta-analyze the effect of plateletpheresis on the leukocyte count, based on studies published between 1980-2018. METHODS: Systematic review with meta-analysis of random effects for the difference of means. The phases of the PRISMA guide were applied with 132 search strategies in Pubmed, Scielo, Science direct and Scopus. Reproducibility and evaluation of methodological quality were guaranteed. Heterogeneity was evaluated with Galbraith and Dersimonian and Laird's, publication bias with Funnel Plot and Begg; sensitivity analysis, accumulated meta-analysis and Forest Plot were carried out. RESULTS: Nineteen studies were included with 2,358 donors, mostly from India, United States, Turkey, Germany and Austria. A mean difference of -0,80 x109⁄L (IC95%= -1,96; 0,36x109⁄L) between the predonation value and the value immediately after donation was founded; no publication bias was found and the conclusion presented good sensitivity since it does not vary with the elimination of studies in successive phases. CONCLUSIONS: The donation of platelets by apheresis does not affect the leukocyte count in the donors, in the last century there were reports of reductions in this parameter, explained by the blood loss in the cases used for the procedure and by effects produced in the blood cells by the biomaterials; however, at present the high safety of plateletpheresis for the white blood cell count is evidenced

Concordancia de tres métodos para la determinación de la hemoglobina en donantes de un banco de sangre de Medellín, Colombia – 2012 / Concordance between threee methods for the hemoglobin determination in blood donors of a blood bank from Medellin, Colombia – 2012 / Correspondência três métodos para determinação de hemoglobina em doador de um banco de sangue de Medellín, Colômbia - 2012s

Introducción: una medición fundamental en la selección de los donantes de sangre es la concentración de hemoglobina; sin embargo se han reportado resultados variables dependiendo de la metodología utilizada para su cuantificación. Métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal. Se cuantificó la hemoglobina en 70 donantes mediante el Compolab y el Sysmex XE2100. Además se determinó la hemoglobina reticulocitaria y se aplicó una encuesta sobre hábito tabáquico y actividad física. La concordancia entre los parámetros se evaluó mediante elcoeficiente de correlación intraclase. Los datos se analizaron en SPSS.Resultados: la hemoglobina de eritrocitos maduros fue estadísticamente más alta en hombres y en fumadores. No hubo diferencias según grupo etario ni actividad física. Tuvo buena concordancia entre los resultados del Compolab y el Sysmex yun bajo coeficiente de correlación intraclase entre la hemoglobina reticulocitaria y la de eritrocitos maduros. Conclusiones: la selección del donante puede basarse en la hemoglobina dada por el hemoglobinómetro, cuyas cuantificaciones son intercambiables con las del Sysmex XE2100.

Introduction: hemoglobin quantification is fundamental in the selection of blood donors, but has reported varying results depending on the methodology used for its determination.Methods: cross-sectional study. Hemoglobin was quantitated in 70 donors by the Sysmex XE2100 and Compolab. We also determined reticulocyte hemoglobin, We surveyed about smoking and physical activity. The correlation between parameters was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient. Data were analyzed in SPSSResults: the mature erythrocyte hemoglobin was statistically higher in men and in smokers. There were no differences by age group and physical activity. There was good agreement between the results of Compolab and Sysmex. There was a low intraclass correlation coefficient between reticulocyte hemoglobin and mature erythrocyte hemoglobin.Conclusions: the donor selection may be based on hemoglobin given by hemoglobinometer whose quantifications are interchangeable with the Sysmex XE2100.

Introdução: a medição fundamental na seleção de doadores de sangue é a hemoglobina, mas relataram resultados variáveis dependendo do método utilizado para a quantificação.Métodos: a hemoglobina foi quantificada em 70 doadores, e pelo Sysmex XE2100 Compolab. Também determinou a hemoglobina de reticulócitos, foram pesquisadossobre o tabagismo e atividade física. A correlação entre os parâmetros foi avaliada pelo coeficiente de correlação intraclasse. Os dados foram analisados no SPSSResultados: a hemoglobina de eritrócitos maduros foi estatisticamente maior em homens e em fumantes. Não houve diferenças por faixa etária e atividade física. Houve boa concordância entre os resultados de Compolab e Sysmex. Houve um baixo coeficiente de correlação entre hemoglobina e reticulócitos eritrócito maduro.Conclusões: a seleção dos doadores pode ser baseada em hemoglobina dada pelo hemoglobinômetro cujas quantificações são permutáveis com a XE2100 Sysmex.

Meta-análisis: prevalencia de deficiencia de hierro en donantes de sangre repetitivos y asociación con sexo, 2001-2011 / Meta-analysis: prevalence of iron deficiency in systematic blood donors and its association with gender

Introducción: la donación de sangre repetitiva y el sexo femenino potencian el desarrollo de deficiencia de hierro que provoca un suministro inadecuado de sangre y compromiso de la salud del donante. Pocos estudios evalúan la interacción entre el sexo y el tipo de donante, por lo que se requiere integrar esa información. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de deficiencia de hierro en donantes de sangre repetitivos y analizar su asociación con el sexo, a partir de un meta-análisis. Métodos: búsqueda exhaustiva y reproducible de la literatura en 7 bases de datos. Se determinó prevalencia global y específica por sexo y tipo de donante. Se calcularon las razones de prevalencia y de odds. Se realizó análisis meta-analítico bajo el modelo de efectos aleatorios. Resultados: se obtuvo una muestra de 9 260 donantes de ambos sexos entre 18 y 67 años, donadores por primera vez y repetitivos. La prevalencia global de deficiencia de hierro fue del 12,25 % (IC 95 %: 11,57 % a 12,92 %); las mujeres tuvieron 98 % más prevalencia del evento que los hombres y es 3,03 veces más frecuente en donantes repetitivos que en los de primera vez. La probabilidad global de desarrollar la deficiencia en donantes repetitivos fue 4,28 veces (IC 95 %, 2,65-6,89) la que tienen los de primera vez. Se obtuvo una prevalencia similar a grupos de mayor riesgo, como mujeres embarazadas, siendo más alta en mujeres y donantes repetitivos, factores que interactúan y realzan la probabilidad de desarrollar la deficiencia de hierro. Es necesario centrar la atención en el cuidado de la salud del donante para dar cumplimiento a aspectos éticos y políticos.

Introduction: the systematic blood donation and female gen derenhance the development of iron deficiency causing in adequate supply of blood and commitment to the health of the donor. Few studies have evaluated the interaction between gender and type of donor that is required for integrating the information. Objective: to determine the prevalence of iron deficiency in systematic blood donors and analyze its association with gender, from a meta-analysis. Methods: a comprehensive and reproducible search of the literature in 7 databases. Over all and specific prevalence by genderand donor type were determined. Prevalence ratios and odds were calculated. Meta-analytic analysis under the random effects model were performed. Results: a sample of 9 260 donors, first time and systematic donors, of both sexes between 18 and 67 years old,was obtained. The overall prevalence of iron deficiency was 12,25 % (95 % CI: 11,57 % to 12,92 %); women had 98 % higher prevalence of the event than men and were 3,03 times more frequent in systematic donors than those in the first time. The overall probability of developing deficiency in systematic donors was 4,28 times higher (95 % CI2, 65 to 6,89) than the value observed in first time donors. The prevalence found was similar to that obtained in high-risk groups such aspregnant women, being higher in women and in systematic donors, factors that interact to enhance the like lihood of developing iron deficiency. It is necessary to focus on the health care of the donor to comply with ethical and political issues.

Intervalos biológicos de referencia del hemograma en personas sanas, Medellín, 2012 / Complete blood count reference intervals in healthy people, Medellin, 2012

Introducción: Para la interpretación del hemograma se requieren intervalos biológicos de referencia que permitan orientar la toma de decisiones clínicas y epidemiológicas con base en las características específicas de la población en la cual serán aplicados. Objetivo: establecer los intervalos biológicos de referencia para los parámetros del hemograma en personas sanas de Medellín, 2012. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal en 70 donantes a repetición de sangre y hemocomponentes, y 65 vegetarianos. Las muestras fueron procesadas en el equipo Sysmex XE-2100®. La descripción se realizó con medidas de frecuencia y resumen; los intervalos biológicos de referencia se determinaron con intervalos de confianza del 95% para la media; además, se establecieron y compararon los resultados por sexo y grupo etario...

Introduction: Laboratory reference values are required for an adequate interpretation of complete blood count, in a way they can guide clinical and epidemiological decisions based on the specific the characteristics of the population to which they will be applied. Aim: To determine the reference values for blood cell count parameters in healthy individuals from Medellín, Colombia, during the year of 2012. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross sectional study that included 70 repetitive blood donors, and 65 vegetarians. Samples were processed in a Sysmex XE-2100® hematology analyzer. The data were described using frequency and summary measures, and reference values were determined applying a 95% confidence interval to the mean of each parameter; in addition, reference values were compared by sex and age...

[Iron deficiency prevalence in blood donors: a systematic review, 2001-2011]. / Prevalencia de la deficiencia de hierro en donantes de sangre: Revisión bibliográfica del período 2001-2011.

BACKGROUND: Blood donation is associated with decreased iron stores in blood donors which may affect the development of physiological functions and overall health. Previous studies reported a wide variation in the prevalence of iron deficiency in this population (1% to 62%). So, we want to establish the prevalence of iron deficiency in blood donors from a systematic review of the literature. METHODS: Exhaustive and reproducible search of literature in 7 databases, based in a protocol for searching in 4 languages between 2001 to 2011 with inclusion and exclusion criteria and information extraction. The analysis was based on the calculation of frequencies and specific prevalence by sex and number of previous donations, with their respective confidence intervals in Excel and Epidat (3.0). RESULTS: A total of 16.979 donors, 5.096 regular, with 59% men. The prevalence of iron deficiency found was 13% (IC 95%: 12,4 to 13,4) with a range between 1% and 62%. Prevalence statistically higher was observed in women (19,56%) and repetitive donors (20,36%). CONCLUSION: We obtained iron deficiency prevalence in blood donors over higher risk groups like children, being higher in female and repetitive donors. That suggests the need to encouraged blood banks in the application of protocols designed to preserve healthy donors and this will result in an adequate blood supply.

Prevalencia de la deficiencia de hierro en donantes de sangre. Revisión bibligráfica del período 2001-2011 / Iron deficiency prevalence in blood donors. A systematic review, 2001-2011

Fundamentos: La donación de sangre se asocia con disminución de las reservas de hierro de los donantes, lo que puede afectar el desarrollo de sus funciones fisiológicas y al estado general de salud. Estudios previos reportan una gran divergencia en la prevalencia de deficiencia de hierro en dicha población (1% a 62%). El objetivo del trabajo es determinar la prevalencia de deficiencia de hierro en donantes de sangre a partir de una revisión sistemática de la literatura. Métodos: Búsqueda exhaustiva y reproducible de la literatura en 7 bases de datos con base en un protocolo de búsqueda de estudios en 4 idiomas y publicados entre el 2001 y el 2011 con criterios de inclusión, exclusión y extracción de información. El análisis se realizó con base en el cálculo de la prevalencia global y específica por sexo y número de donaciones, con sus respectivos intervalos de confianza, utilizando los programas Excel y Epidat 3.0. Resultados: Se obtuvo una población total de 16.979 donantes, 5.096 de repetición, con una proporción de hombres del 59%. Se halló una prevalencia de deficiencia de hierro del 13% (IC 95% 12,4-13,4), con una rango entre 1% y 62%, siendo estadísticamente significativa la mayor frecuencia en mujeres (19,56% IC 95%: 18,59 -20,53) y donantes repetidores (20,36% IC 95%: 19,25 -21,48). Conclusión: Se obtuvo una prevalencia de deficiencia de hierro en donantes de sangre por encima de grupos de mayor riesgo como los niños, siendo mayor en donantes del sexo femenino y de repetición(AU)

Background: Blood donation is associated with decreased iron sto-res in blood donors which may affect the development of physiological functions and overall health. Previous studies reported a wide variation in the prevalence of iron deficiency in this population (1% to 62%). So, we want to establish the prevalence of iron deficiency in blood donors from a systematic review of the literature. Methods: Exhaustive and reproducible search of literature in 7 data-bases, based in a protocol for searching in 4 languages between 2001 to 2011 with inclusion and exclusion criteria and information extraction. The analysis was based on the calculation of frequencies and specific prevalence by sex and number of previous donations, with their respective confidence intervals in Excel and Epidat (3.0). Results: A total of 16.979 donors, 5.096 regular, with 59% men. The prevalence of iron deficiency found was 13% (IC 95%: 12,4 to 13,4) with a range between 1% and 62%. Prevalence statistically higher was observed in women (19,56%) and repetitive donors (20,36%). Conclusion: We obtained iron deficiency prevalence in blood donors over higher risk groups like children, being higher in female and repetitive donors. That suggests the need to encouraged blood banks in the application of protocols designed to preserve healthy donors and this will result in an adequate blood supply(AU)

Caracterización clínica y hematológicade donantes a repetición de un banco de sangre de Medellín-Colombia, 2011 / Clinical and hematological characterization of repetitive blood donors from a blood bank at Medellin-Colombia, 2011

Introducción: Los donantes altruistas a repetición son relevantes para el banco de sangre puesto que evidencian un riesgo bajo para la transmisión de infecciones vía transfusional; no obstante, los estudios sobre las características clínicas y hematológicas de estos individuos son exiguosen el medio local. Objetivo: describir las características clínicas y hematológicas de donantes a repetición de un banco de sangre de Medellín-Colombia. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivode una cohorte retrospectiva. La información se recolectó de la base de datos del banco de sangre. Se calcularon medidas de resumen y frecuencias. Se realizaron comparaciones de lascaracterísticas clínicas y hematológicas según el sexo y el grupo etario; adicionalmente, se evaluó la relación entre la concentración de hemoglobina y el tiempo transcurrido entre las donaciones. Resultados: la cohorte estuvo conformada por 556 donantes, el promedio anual de donacionesfue de dos. Las características clínicas difirieron según sexo y grupo etario. De una donación a otra, se evidenciaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el peso, el cual aumentó, y en la presión arterial media y en la hemoglobina, las cuales disminuyeron...

Introduction: Repetitive altruistic donors are relevant to blood banks because of the evidence oflow risk for transfusion transmitted infections. However, studies about clinical and hematologicalcharacteristics are exiguous in our country. Objective: to describe the clinical and hematologiccharacteristics of repetitive blood donors in a blood bank of Medellin-Colombia. Materials and methods: descriptive study of a retrospective cohort. The information was collected from the blood bank database. The measures of summary and frequency were calculated. The clinical andhematological characteristics were compared according to sex and age; in addition, the relation among hemoglobin values and time between donations was evaluated. Results: the cohortconsisted of 556 donors; the annual average of donation was two. The clinical characteristics differed by sex and age. Between donations, there were statistically significant differences withthe body weight, which increased and the media blood pressure and the hemoglobin, which decreased...